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Russia has spent more than four years absorbing Western sanctions, battlefield losses and diplomatic isolation. But it is now confronting a different kind of pressure — one that is increasingly coming from hundreds of Ukrainian drones targeting the country’s oil infrastructure.
President Vladimir Putin on Sunday
publicly acknowledged for the first time that Russia was experiencing “a certain deficit” of fuel, even as he insisted the shortages were temporary and would not derail Moscow’s military campaign in Ukraine.
The admission came hours after Ukrainian drones set another major Russian oil refinery ablaze, continuing Kyiv’s expanding campaign against Russia’s energy industry.
“Our ’long-range sanctions’ reached two oil refineries in Russia,” Zelenskyy wrote on Telegram after the overnight strikes.
“Each strike means a reduction in the resources that fuel the Russian war machine, and another step toward peace.”
Ukraine’s strategy is changing
For much of the war, Ukraine’s objective was straightforward: defend territory and slow Russian advances along the front.
Now, Kyiv is increasingly trying to make the war economically unsustainable for Moscow.
Last week, Zelenskyy announced what he described as a “40-day influence operation” to be carried out by Ukraine’s long-range strike units, saying Russian military logistics across occupied Ukrainian territories had been “severely hindered.”
Rather than focusing solely on military bases, Ukraine is striking oil refineries, fuel storage facilities, transport hubs and supply routes that keep Russia’s military machine running.
The latest attack targeted the Slavyansk refinery in Russia’s Krasnodar region, one of southern Russia’s major refining facilities with an annual processing capacity of nearly four million tonnes of crude.
Regional authorities said debris from intercepted drones sparked a major fire, killing one person and injuring another.
Zelenskyy also claimed Ukrainian drones struck another refinery in Russia’s Yaroslavl region, around 700 kilometres from the Ukrainian border, though Russian authorities did not immediately confirm damage there.
The economic pressure is growing
Russia remains one of the world’s largest oil exporters, and energy revenues continue to finance a significant portion of its wartime spending.
That makes refineries attractive targets.
Every damaged refinery reduces domestic fuel production, disrupts exports and forces Moscow to divert resources towards repairs and air defence.
The cumulative impact is becoming increasingly visible.
Fuel shortages have spread across several Russian regions, with long queues forming at petrol stations and authorities introducing rationing measures.
Crimea has been particularly affected after repeated Ukrainian attacks on transport links and fuel infrastructure triggered its worst energy disruption since Russia annexed the peninsula in 2014.
Putin acknowledged the difficulties during a meeting focused on Russia’s fuel situation.
“We are going through a difficult period,” he said, while promising to increase fuel production, accelerate refinery repairs and boost deliveries to Crimea by both land and sea.
Russia’s Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak also said Moscow was reviewing fuel export commitments to prioritise domestic demand.
In Siberia’s Irkutsk region — thousands of kilometres from the Ukrainian border — drivers have already been restricted to buying no more than 50 litres of fuel per vehicle each day at state-run petrol stations.
Putin dismisses Ukraine’s strategy
Despite acknowledging the shortages, Putin insisted Ukraine’s attacks were failing to achieve their military objectives.
He accused Kyiv of trying to divide Russian society and force Moscow into negotiations on terms favourable to Ukraine.
“We will not give them that chance,” he said.
According to Putin, Ukrainian strikes “have absolutely no effect on the situation at the front.”
Yet he also revealed that Ukraine had proposed a mutual moratorium on long-range strikes — a proposal he rejected, arguing that it would primarily benefit Kyiv by allowing Ukrainian forces to redeploy troops.
He further claimed Ukraine had suggested limiting combat operations to the four partially occupied regions Russia illegally annexed — Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia.
Putin said Moscow dismissed those proposals because they would “save the Kyiv regime.”
Battlefield claims remain disputed
The Russian president also sought to project military momentum, claiming Russian forces were within 10.5 kilometres of the northern Ukrainian city of Sumy and had captured most of Lyman and Kostyantynivka in the Donetsk region.
Those assertions, however, are disputed by independent battlefield analysts.
Open-source monitoring groups estimate Russian forces remain more than 20 kilometres from Sumy. Analysts also report only limited Russian incursions around Lyman, while Ukrainian officials acknowledge fighting inside Kostyantynivka but deny that the city has fallen.
A war beyond the battlefield
The significance of Ukraine’s drone campaign extends beyond individual refinery fires.
For much of the conflict,
Russia has relied on its size, energy wealth and industrial capacity to absorb military and economic pressure.
Kyiv is now attempting to challenge those very advantages.
Every refinery forced offline increases repair costs, stretches air-defence resources and complicates fuel distribution across a country spanning 11 time zones.
It also forces the Kremlin to make increasingly difficult choices between maintaining export revenues, meeting civilian demand and supplying the military.
Russia’s response has been to expand air-defence production while promising rapid reconstruction of damaged facilities.
But defending hundreds of oil facilities, pipelines, storage depots and logistics hubs scattered across the world’s largest country is a fundamentally different challenge from protecting military bases near the front.
The next phase of the war
Neither side appears ready to compromise.
Russia launched 142 drones and eight missiles against Ukraine overnight, according to Kyiv, while Moscow said it intercepted 213 Ukrainian drones over Russian territory, occupied Crimea and the Black and Azov seas.
The exchanges reflect a conflict that is increasingly moving beyond trench warfare.
Ukraine lacks Russia’s manpower and industrial base, but its expanding fleet of long-range drones offers a relatively inexpensive way to impose disproportionate costs on Moscow’s economy.
Whether that pressure will eventually alter the Kremlin’s strategic calculations remains uncertain.
But Putin’s public acknowledgement of fuel shortages suggests Ukraine’s drone campaign has already achieved something notable: it has forced Russia’s leadership to admit that the war is no longer being fought only on the battlefield — it is also being waged against the infrastructure that powers it.
